: Many Thais believe that being born as a kathoey is a result of karma from a past life. Because of this belief, kathoey are often treated with a degree of compassion or tolerance rather than the blame found in some other religious traditions. The Term "Ladyboy": From Marketing to Reclamation

Unlike many Western cultures where gender is often viewed through a binary lens, Thai culture—influenced by Theravada Buddhism—recognizes a more fluid spectrum.

: Early Buddhist scriptures mention three genders: man, woman, and kathoey .