Istoria — Europei Vol. Iv

The rise of the middle class as the dominant political and cultural force, defining the values of the "Belle Époque." 4. Imperialism and the Road to Total War

Led by figures like Cavour and Garibaldi, culminating in 1861. Istoria Europei vol. IV

The emergence of the working class (proletariat) and the birth of socialist and Marxist ideologies as a response to industrial exploitation. The rise of the middle class as the